With the rapid development of network information and computer room building, the operation status of air conditioners, power supplies and other equipment that is the basic guarantee for the normal and stable operation of the equipment room, as well as the security conditions of the computer room environment, have also become increasingly important. Since many important equipment rooms are operated 24 hours a day, and it is difficult for managers to ensure that the situation of the equipment room is monitored from time to time, it is necessary to implement 24h continuous monitoring through technical means. The integration of communication and software in the engine room environment power monitoring system enables centralized monitoring of the equipment room environment and UPS, computer room air conditioners, and generators, as well as the collection of alarm information in real time to relevant management personnel.
The monitoring target of the engine room environment power monitoring is the auxiliary equipment of the equipment room. At present, generally, the operation of the server and the network is not included in the monitoring scope (there is professional software to realize the monitoring of the server and the network).
The engine room environment power monitoring system consists of on-site sensors and testing equipment, communication equipment, host computer and software. The host computer and software are at the core. The entire system body is a PC-based (PG-Based) control structure. The engine room environment power monitoring is characterized by monitoring, and the collected data needs to be processed such as reports, various alarms, printing, and data records. Therefore, one of the core functions of the monitoring software is to collect data.
The engine room power environment and image centralized monitoring and management system functions:
(I) Centralized real-time monitoring
The real-time monitoring system collects the operating parameters of the currently monitored device through the communication acquisition device and displays it on the monitor computer screen in real time, eliminating the trouble of the user to view the data to different devices.
(B) Alarm and Event Functions
The alarm refers to abnormal conditions in the operation of the computer room, such as blackouts, leaks, and so on. The occurrence of an alarm means that the operation of the engine room is affected and the alarms in the room can be divided into different levels. After the alarm occurs, the system should record the alarm event and promptly notify the on-duty personnel or management personnel to handle the alarm event.
After the alarm occurs, generally follow the following steps:
(1) Notice. The first is to inform the relevant personnel of the alarm information.
(2) Confirmation. It shows that the alarm is already known and is being processed. However, the alarm still exists and does not disappear.
(3) Elimination. After processing, the fault disappeared, the equipment returned to normal, and the alarm disappeared.
Alarm notifications are mainly implemented using the following modes:
1. Screen display alarm
Inform users by displaying eye-catching patterns and text on the monitor computer screen.
2. Local voice alarm
When an alarm occurs, the monitoring system automatically plays the alarm voice through the loudspeaker and passes the alarm message to the on-site personnel.
3. Telephone dialing alarm
When the alarm occurs, the monitoring system automatically dials the preset number of the system through the telephone network. After the other party answers the call, it automatically plays the alarm voice and passes the alarm message to the relevant personnel through the telephone.
Telephone alarms can be implemented in two devices: voice modems and telephone voice cards.
4. Mobile phone short message alarm
With the rapid development of the communications industry and the SMS business, sending alarm messages via mobile phone messages has become an effective means.
5.E-mail alarm
Through the network, the alarm information is sent to the individual by e-mail.
(III) Operation history data record and trend function
The historical data and trend function mainly realizes the long-term recording of the key parameters of the operation of the computer room, and through the calling, viewing of historical trend charts, and some statistical analysis.
(D) User Management Functions
The user management mainly manages the rights of the users of the monitoring system, so as to avoid the unauthorized personnel from modifying the parameter setting or viewing at will. Authorization requires hierarchical control, and users of different levels can only perform operations that are allowed within their own level.
(five) plan to arrange functions
Through the event schedule, perform some operations at regular intervals, such as backing up system data, turning lights off at work, etc. This function is in the machine, but with the continuous improvement of the engine room monitoring system, it can meet more user needs.
(6) Report function
Data report is an essential part of the industrial control system. It is the final display of data display, query, analysis, statistics, and printing. It usually has real-time data reports, historical data reports (class reports, daily reports, monthly reports, etc.). Use the filter options of the report to print out the content you are interested in for easy analysis and archiving.
(7) Remote Management Functions
Remote management mainly refers to the use of increasingly sophisticated network resources, so that operators are no longer limited to the operation of the monitoring host, but can control the system at other locations. Through the network, the monitoring system can be centralized and monitored in the province, and there is no need to set a special person in the city. When there is a problem with the operation, through the various alarm notification modes in the front, both the provincial and prefecture cities can get news, so that the problem can be solved quickly.
(8) Operation settings and control functions
In addition to the main monitoring functions, the system should also have control capabilities. In most computer rooms, the main control objects are non-power devices, such as air conditioning, ventilation, and lighting systems. Because the reliability of the power supply equipment is extremely high, control operations (such as on/off operations) are likely to cause room crashes due to misoperation. Therefore, they are not controlled but only monitored.
The monitoring objects of the engine room power environment and image centralized monitoring and management system include:
Although there are many monitoring objects, the signal types can only be divided into three types: binary signals, analog signals, and intelligent device signals, but the specific signal types need to be determined based on specific devices.
l.UPS power supply (including DC power supply)
Both the UPS power supply and the DC power supply are equipped with a battery, which ensures the power quality of the computer and the continuous power supply after the power failure. Through the communication protocol provided by the UPS manufacturer and the intelligent communication interface, the UPS is monitored to monitor the running status of the components such as the rectifier, inverter, battery, bypass, and load of the UPS in real time. Once a component fails, the system Will automatically alarm.
The monitoring of the UPS in the equipment room environment adopts a monitoring-only and non-control mode, which avoids the risk of power failure caused by the failure of the monitoring system.
2. Battery
In a UPS uninterruptible power system, it can be said that the battery is the mainstay of this system. It is very important to maintain the normal operation of the load device in a timely and reliable way. For this purpose, UPS batteries need to be monitored through on-line battery monitors, DC current sensors, and other devices.
3. Air-conditioning equipment
One of the characteristics of the engine room is dense equipment and large heat output. Therefore, air conditioning plays a decisive role in controlling the temperature and humidity of the equipment room. Through real-time monitoring, it can fully diagnose the status of air conditioners, monitor the operating status and parameters of various parts (such as compressors, fans, heaters, humidifiers, dehumidifiers, filters, etc.) of air conditioners, and can remotely modify air conditioners through management software. Set parameters (temperature, humidity, upper and lower limits of temperature, upper and lower limits of humidity, etc.), and restart the precision air conditioner. Even if the air-conditioning unit has a slight failure, it can be detected by the system and measures can be taken in time to prevent the air-conditioning unit from further damage.
4. Water leakage detection
The leak detection system is classified into two types: positioning and non-locating. The so-called positioning type refers to a leak detection system that can accurately report specific leak locations. Instead of locating the system, it can only report leaks, but it cannot identify the location. The system consists of sensors and controllers. The controller monitors the status of the sensor and finds that the water status immediately uploads the information to the monitoring PC. There are two types of leak detection sensors, wired detection and surface detection. Line detection is mainly used in the engine room. The line detection uses a leak detection rope to surround the flooded area. After the leak occurs, the water contacts the detection line to give an alarm.
5. Distribution system
The distribution system monitoring mainly monitors the operating status of the distribution cabinet, and mainly deals with the three-phase phase voltage, phase current, line voltage, line current, active power, reactive power, frequency, power factor and other parameters of the power distribution system. Switch status monitoring monitors. Alarms are issued when some important parameters exceed the dangerous limit.
6. Generator
Monitoring via serial communication requires the serial communication protocol of the generator.
7. Room temperature and humidity
In each important position of the equipment room, a temperature and humidity detection module needs to be installed to record temperature and humidity curves for management personnel to inquire. Once the temperature and humidity are out of range, an alarm is immediately activated to remind the management personnel to adjust the air conditioner's working setting value or adjust the distribution of the equipment in the equipment room. This may make the overall temperature and humidity of the equipment room be reasonable and ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment room.
8. Monitoring of fresh air system and exhaust system.
Monitor the operational status of the wind turbine and report it in a timely manner when the fan fails.
9. Lightning protection system
The real-time monitoring of the working status of the lightning protection module is realized through the switch acquisition module, and usually only two monitoring states are opened and closed.
10. Fire protection system
The monitoring of the fire protection system is mainly the collection of fire alarm signals and gas spraying signals and does not control the fire protection system.
11. Video surveillance
The digital video surveillance system adopts MPEG4 video compression method, which integrates multi-screen viewing, video playback, video remote transmission, trigger alarm, PTZ control, and device linkage. In the video system components, the video real-time window, video playback window, and remote The acceptance window and dome (pan-tilt) control windows are all embedded as controls to meet different individual needs.
The video system can also be linked with other input signals. Once the video alarms, the video can be simultaneously linked with other devices such as double probes, door magnets or "move alarm" function supported by its own device to record and output corresponding control signals.
12. Access Control Monitoring
Access control systems are installed at key locations in the computer room area to provide effective monitoring and management of access personnel. For security reasons, access control systems are designed with separate control and read-out cards.
The access control system consists of controllers, inductive readers, electronically controlled locks, and door opening buttons (networked systems plus communication converters). Card reading methods are non-contact card reading methods.
13. Network Equipment and Application System Monitoring
The host of the monitoring system establishes communication links with routers, servers, and minicomputers through the network, and obtains various information directly from these network devices. The communication process adopts the common simple network management protocol (SNMP).
The engine room environment power monitoring communication network currently has 4 kinds of commonly used network structures: serial port and 485 bus, fieldbus, Ethernet, and hybrid networking.
The engine room power environment and image centralized monitoring and management system features:
Openness: Ensure that the system is compatible with more acquisition devices and can exchange data with more application software. Especially for mainstream database support, there is no database support, monitoring software features will be greatly reduced. Support for the database mainly MSSQLserver, ACCESS.
Ease of use: The software adopts the way of configuration for secondary development, which is powerful and flexible and easy to use.
Extensibility: Adopting an open platform modular design, it can not only integrate other brother manufacturers' centralized monitoring system of power environment into our company's system, but also realize the sharing and unified management of system information resources.
The monitoring target of the engine room environment power monitoring is the auxiliary equipment of the equipment room. At present, generally, the operation of the server and the network is not included in the monitoring scope (there is professional software to realize the monitoring of the server and the network).
The engine room environment power monitoring system consists of on-site sensors and testing equipment, communication equipment, host computer and software. The host computer and software are at the core. The entire system body is a PC-based (PG-Based) control structure. The engine room environment power monitoring is characterized by monitoring, and the collected data needs to be processed such as reports, various alarms, printing, and data records. Therefore, one of the core functions of the monitoring software is to collect data.
The engine room power environment and image centralized monitoring and management system functions:
(I) Centralized real-time monitoring
The real-time monitoring system collects the operating parameters of the currently monitored device through the communication acquisition device and displays it on the monitor computer screen in real time, eliminating the trouble of the user to view the data to different devices.
(B) Alarm and Event Functions
The alarm refers to abnormal conditions in the operation of the computer room, such as blackouts, leaks, and so on. The occurrence of an alarm means that the operation of the engine room is affected and the alarms in the room can be divided into different levels. After the alarm occurs, the system should record the alarm event and promptly notify the on-duty personnel or management personnel to handle the alarm event.
After the alarm occurs, generally follow the following steps:
(1) Notice. The first is to inform the relevant personnel of the alarm information.
(2) Confirmation. It shows that the alarm is already known and is being processed. However, the alarm still exists and does not disappear.
(3) Elimination. After processing, the fault disappeared, the equipment returned to normal, and the alarm disappeared.
Alarm notifications are mainly implemented using the following modes:
1. Screen display alarm
Inform users by displaying eye-catching patterns and text on the monitor computer screen.
2. Local voice alarm
When an alarm occurs, the monitoring system automatically plays the alarm voice through the loudspeaker and passes the alarm message to the on-site personnel.
3. Telephone dialing alarm
When the alarm occurs, the monitoring system automatically dials the preset number of the system through the telephone network. After the other party answers the call, it automatically plays the alarm voice and passes the alarm message to the relevant personnel through the telephone.
Telephone alarms can be implemented in two devices: voice modems and telephone voice cards.
4. Mobile phone short message alarm
With the rapid development of the communications industry and the SMS business, sending alarm messages via mobile phone messages has become an effective means.
5.E-mail alarm
Through the network, the alarm information is sent to the individual by e-mail.
(III) Operation history data record and trend function
The historical data and trend function mainly realizes the long-term recording of the key parameters of the operation of the computer room, and through the calling, viewing of historical trend charts, and some statistical analysis.
(D) User Management Functions
The user management mainly manages the rights of the users of the monitoring system, so as to avoid the unauthorized personnel from modifying the parameter setting or viewing at will. Authorization requires hierarchical control, and users of different levels can only perform operations that are allowed within their own level.
(five) plan to arrange functions
Through the event schedule, perform some operations at regular intervals, such as backing up system data, turning lights off at work, etc. This function is in the machine, but with the continuous improvement of the engine room monitoring system, it can meet more user needs.
(6) Report function
Data report is an essential part of the industrial control system. It is the final display of data display, query, analysis, statistics, and printing. It usually has real-time data reports, historical data reports (class reports, daily reports, monthly reports, etc.). Use the filter options of the report to print out the content you are interested in for easy analysis and archiving.
(7) Remote Management Functions
Remote management mainly refers to the use of increasingly sophisticated network resources, so that operators are no longer limited to the operation of the monitoring host, but can control the system at other locations. Through the network, the monitoring system can be centralized and monitored in the province, and there is no need to set a special person in the city. When there is a problem with the operation, through the various alarm notification modes in the front, both the provincial and prefecture cities can get news, so that the problem can be solved quickly.
(8) Operation settings and control functions
In addition to the main monitoring functions, the system should also have control capabilities. In most computer rooms, the main control objects are non-power devices, such as air conditioning, ventilation, and lighting systems. Because the reliability of the power supply equipment is extremely high, control operations (such as on/off operations) are likely to cause room crashes due to misoperation. Therefore, they are not controlled but only monitored.
The monitoring objects of the engine room power environment and image centralized monitoring and management system include:
Although there are many monitoring objects, the signal types can only be divided into three types: binary signals, analog signals, and intelligent device signals, but the specific signal types need to be determined based on specific devices.
l.UPS power supply (including DC power supply)
Both the UPS power supply and the DC power supply are equipped with a battery, which ensures the power quality of the computer and the continuous power supply after the power failure. Through the communication protocol provided by the UPS manufacturer and the intelligent communication interface, the UPS is monitored to monitor the running status of the components such as the rectifier, inverter, battery, bypass, and load of the UPS in real time. Once a component fails, the system Will automatically alarm.
The monitoring of the UPS in the equipment room environment adopts a monitoring-only and non-control mode, which avoids the risk of power failure caused by the failure of the monitoring system.
2. Battery
In a UPS uninterruptible power system, it can be said that the battery is the mainstay of this system. It is very important to maintain the normal operation of the load device in a timely and reliable way. For this purpose, UPS batteries need to be monitored through on-line battery monitors, DC current sensors, and other devices.
3. Air-conditioning equipment
One of the characteristics of the engine room is dense equipment and large heat output. Therefore, air conditioning plays a decisive role in controlling the temperature and humidity of the equipment room. Through real-time monitoring, it can fully diagnose the status of air conditioners, monitor the operating status and parameters of various parts (such as compressors, fans, heaters, humidifiers, dehumidifiers, filters, etc.) of air conditioners, and can remotely modify air conditioners through management software. Set parameters (temperature, humidity, upper and lower limits of temperature, upper and lower limits of humidity, etc.), and restart the precision air conditioner. Even if the air-conditioning unit has a slight failure, it can be detected by the system and measures can be taken in time to prevent the air-conditioning unit from further damage.
4. Water leakage detection
The leak detection system is classified into two types: positioning and non-locating. The so-called positioning type refers to a leak detection system that can accurately report specific leak locations. Instead of locating the system, it can only report leaks, but it cannot identify the location. The system consists of sensors and controllers. The controller monitors the status of the sensor and finds that the water status immediately uploads the information to the monitoring PC. There are two types of leak detection sensors, wired detection and surface detection. Line detection is mainly used in the engine room. The line detection uses a leak detection rope to surround the flooded area. After the leak occurs, the water contacts the detection line to give an alarm.
5. Distribution system
The distribution system monitoring mainly monitors the operating status of the distribution cabinet, and mainly deals with the three-phase phase voltage, phase current, line voltage, line current, active power, reactive power, frequency, power factor and other parameters of the power distribution system. Switch status monitoring monitors. Alarms are issued when some important parameters exceed the dangerous limit.
6. Generator
Monitoring via serial communication requires the serial communication protocol of the generator.
7. Room temperature and humidity
In each important position of the equipment room, a temperature and humidity detection module needs to be installed to record temperature and humidity curves for management personnel to inquire. Once the temperature and humidity are out of range, an alarm is immediately activated to remind the management personnel to adjust the air conditioner's working setting value or adjust the distribution of the equipment in the equipment room. This may make the overall temperature and humidity of the equipment room be reasonable and ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment room.
8. Monitoring of fresh air system and exhaust system.
Monitor the operational status of the wind turbine and report it in a timely manner when the fan fails.
9. Lightning protection system
The real-time monitoring of the working status of the lightning protection module is realized through the switch acquisition module, and usually only two monitoring states are opened and closed.
10. Fire protection system
The monitoring of the fire protection system is mainly the collection of fire alarm signals and gas spraying signals and does not control the fire protection system.
11. Video surveillance
The digital video surveillance system adopts MPEG4 video compression method, which integrates multi-screen viewing, video playback, video remote transmission, trigger alarm, PTZ control, and device linkage. In the video system components, the video real-time window, video playback window, and remote The acceptance window and dome (pan-tilt) control windows are all embedded as controls to meet different individual needs.
The video system can also be linked with other input signals. Once the video alarms, the video can be simultaneously linked with other devices such as double probes, door magnets or "move alarm" function supported by its own device to record and output corresponding control signals.
12. Access Control Monitoring
Access control systems are installed at key locations in the computer room area to provide effective monitoring and management of access personnel. For security reasons, access control systems are designed with separate control and read-out cards.
The access control system consists of controllers, inductive readers, electronically controlled locks, and door opening buttons (networked systems plus communication converters). Card reading methods are non-contact card reading methods.
13. Network Equipment and Application System Monitoring
The host of the monitoring system establishes communication links with routers, servers, and minicomputers through the network, and obtains various information directly from these network devices. The communication process adopts the common simple network management protocol (SNMP).
The engine room environment power monitoring communication network currently has 4 kinds of commonly used network structures: serial port and 485 bus, fieldbus, Ethernet, and hybrid networking.
The engine room power environment and image centralized monitoring and management system features:
Openness: Ensure that the system is compatible with more acquisition devices and can exchange data with more application software. Especially for mainstream database support, there is no database support, monitoring software features will be greatly reduced. Support for the database mainly MSSQLserver, ACCESS.
Ease of use: The software adopts the way of configuration for secondary development, which is powerful and flexible and easy to use.
Extensibility: Adopting an open platform modular design, it can not only integrate other brother manufacturers' centralized monitoring system of power environment into our company's system, but also realize the sharing and unified management of system information resources.
Advanced: The role of monitoring is essentially two types of functions: collecting information and processing information. From the perspective of collecting information, it can support more communication protocols and interfaces, such as fieldbus and OPC, and can support more devices. From the processing information point of view, in addition to requiring the software to be able to achieve the various basic functions described above, it is also required to be able to provide more analysis tools based on the background database to help users better grasp the operating rules of the engine room.