The first batch of Boston Orange Line subway cars developed in China

On October 16, the first batch of Boston Orange Line subway cars developed by CRRC Changchun Railway Co., Ltd. was officially launched in Changchun. These state-of-the-art vehicles are expected to arrive in the United States by December this year. This marks a significant milestone as it is the first batch of China-made subway cars that fully meet American standards and are built with independent intellectual property rights. The successful launch of these subway cars highlights how China’s technological advancements are gaining global recognition. Behind this achievement lies the expertise and dedication of Chinese professionals across various fields. One critical aspect of subway design is the lighting system, which plays a vital role in ensuring driver safety and efficiency. Subway drivers often encounter rapidly changing light conditions during their daily operations. From direct sunlight at the surface to pitch-black tunnels underground, the illumination levels inside the driver's cabin can vary by up to an order of magnitude. Given the high speed of the train, these changes happen quickly, making it essential for drivers to maintain focus and avoid errors. Therefore, managing light pollution within the driver’s cab is crucial for both safety and performance. To address this challenge, Professor Lin Yandan from Fudan University led a study on glare analysis for the Orange Line subway. His team conducted detailed modeling, simulation, and ergonomic experiments to identify sources of light pollution and improve the overall lighting environment in the driver's cabin. Their work helped create a more comfortable and visually efficient workspace for subway operators, significantly reducing visual fatigue and enhancing operational safety. Disability glare, a major concern in subway environments, occurs when excessive light scatters within the eye, reducing visibility and increasing the risk of errors. This type of glare is measured using equivalent light curtain brightness (Lv) and threshold increment (TI), which indicates how much brighter an object must be to be seen clearly under glare conditions. Uncomfortable glare not only affects vision but can also lead to long-term issues such as eye strain, irritability, and even migraines. In high-stakes environments like transportation, these effects can compromise safety and productivity. By optimizing the lighting system, Professor Lin’s team ensured a safer and more efficient working environment for subway drivers. Through this project, the importance of human-centered design in transportation systems became evident. The collaboration between Chinese engineers and researchers has set a new benchmark for subway development, proving that innovation and attention to detail can make a real difference in everyday operations. Editor: Yan Zhixiang

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