Abstract: In today's information society, the boundary between wide area network (WAN) and local area network (LAN) is becoming blurred. Telecom operators traditionally provide customers with WAN connectivity through T1, E1 or higher rate media such as fiber optics. However, typical LANs are all connected at the customer premises via Ethernet. In order to bridge WAN and LAN, users usually need to purchase multiple devices or a multi-protocol system to provide a common connection for the two networks. To simplify the bridging of WAN and LAN, Dallas Semiconductor (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Maxim Integrated Products) has innovatively launched the ELITE (Ethernet Link Transmission Engine) product line. This application note presents a design based on the ELITE product line, demonstrating the ability of the DS33Z11 to communicate with Ethernet through unframed T1 or E1 connections. Using unframed WAN links, this design is greatly simplified, and costs are minimized and data rates are maximized.
Design When designing communication equipment, it is important to ensure the integrity of the interconnected data signals for error-free operation of the equipment. The circuit board should have a separate power supply and ground plane, and the power supply should be properly decoupled to reduce noise.
The main component in the LAN-WAN bridge is Maxim's ELITE product line. The DS33Z11 is a member of this product line. It is a single-port 10/100 Ethernet-serial interface. The device is connected between an Ethernet connection and a serial connection (so-called WAN connection, such as T1, E1, T3, E3 or HDSL, etc.). The device consists of 10/100 Ethernet MAC, packet arbiter, guaranteed information rate controller, HDLC / X.86 mapper, SDRAM interface, bit error rate tester (BERT) and control logic.
ELITE products accomplish two tasks. First, the DS33Z11 encapsulates LAN Ethernet data in accordance with HDLC or X.86 (LAPS) protocols for transmission over the WAN interface. Second, the DS33Z11 parses the Ethernet packet encapsulation from the WAN interface for transmission over the LAN interface. DS33Z11 can be configured in multiple ways: interface with a microcontroller for more flexible interactive control; using a serial EEPROM to easily implement a one-time power-on configuration; or directly through the configuration of the hardware pin offset can be achieved without The work of external components.
The physical connection to the WAN is provided by Maxim's DS21348 T1 / E1 / J1 single-port line interface. DS21348 provides all the functions necessary to interface with the physical layer of T1, E1 or J1 lines. The receivers implement clock and data recovery, signal decoding, and signal monitoring functions. The transmitter encodes the signal and drives 100Ω / 120Ω unshielded twisted pair or 75Ω coaxial cable according to the standard waveform. The built-in jitter suppressor can be mapped to the receive or transmit channel.
The physical connection to the LAN is provided by the DP83846A single-port 10/100 Ethernet transceiver from NaTIonal Semiconductor®. This transceiver is also known as a physical layer device (PHY) and supports 10Base-T and 100Base-TX Ethernet protocols on Category 3 or Category 5 unshielded twisted-pair cables. Digital signal processor technology and digital phase-locked loop are used in the sending and receiving circuits. This results in stronger performance, higher noise suppression, and fewer external components.
The remaining components are the microcontroller and related circuits, 128Mb synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), crystal oscillator, transformer, RJ-45 connector, resistor, capacitor and external or onboard 3.3V power supply. Figure 1 and Table 1 show all the necessary components (excluding power supply) for building a LAN-WAN bridge.
The circuit is very intuitive. The WAN side of the DS33Z11 is connected to the DS21348, and the LAN side is connected to the DP83846A. The DS21348 directly interfaces with the DS33Z11 through a send / receive string and clock connection. DP83846A directly interfaces with DS33Z11 through IEEE® 802.3 Media Independent Interface (MII). The configuration of DS33Z11, DS21348 and DP83846A is done by the microcontroller. If cost is a consideration, and reconfiguration of equipment is not a consideration, all of these devices support configuration without a microcontroller. However, the DS33Z11 may also require an external EEPROM to support certain pure hardware configurations. The DS21348 and DP83846A are configured by presetting the voltage on external pins. A 25MHz oscillator is used for the Ethernet interface, and a 1.544MHz or 2.048MHz oscillator is used for the T1 or E1 interface. If the recovered clock of the DS21348 is also used to drive the transmit clock, it is possible to use only a 2.048MHz oscillator and work in T1 or E1 mode using the internal PLL. Because each application is slightly different, the remaining circuit connections are left to the designer. If you need further support for the device, please contact us through the contact methods provided in the "References" section below.
Figure 1. Block diagram of an Ethernet LAN to unframed T1 / E1 WAN bridge
Table 1. List of Ethernet LAN to unframed T1 / E1 WAN bridge components
Design When designing communication equipment, it is important to ensure the integrity of the interconnected data signals for error-free operation of the equipment. The circuit board should have a separate power supply and ground plane, and the power supply should be properly decoupled to reduce noise.
The main component in the LAN-WAN bridge is Maxim's ELITE product line. The DS33Z11 is a member of this product line. It is a single-port 10/100 Ethernet-serial interface. The device is connected between an Ethernet connection and a serial connection (so-called WAN connection, such as T1, E1, T3, E3 or HDSL, etc.). The device consists of 10/100 Ethernet MAC, packet arbiter, guaranteed information rate controller, HDLC / X.86 mapper, SDRAM interface, bit error rate tester (BERT) and control logic.
ELITE products accomplish two tasks. First, the DS33Z11 encapsulates LAN Ethernet data in accordance with HDLC or X.86 (LAPS) protocols for transmission over the WAN interface. Second, the DS33Z11 parses the Ethernet packet encapsulation from the WAN interface for transmission over the LAN interface. DS33Z11 can be configured in multiple ways: interface with a microcontroller for more flexible interactive control; using a serial EEPROM to easily implement a one-time power-on configuration; or directly through the configuration of the hardware pin offset can be achieved without The work of external components.
The physical connection to the WAN is provided by Maxim's DS21348 T1 / E1 / J1 single-port line interface. DS21348 provides all the functions necessary to interface with the physical layer of T1, E1 or J1 lines. The receivers implement clock and data recovery, signal decoding, and signal monitoring functions. The transmitter encodes the signal and drives 100Ω / 120Ω unshielded twisted pair or 75Ω coaxial cable according to the standard waveform. The built-in jitter suppressor can be mapped to the receive or transmit channel.
The physical connection to the LAN is provided by the DP83846A single-port 10/100 Ethernet transceiver from NaTIonal Semiconductor®. This transceiver is also known as a physical layer device (PHY) and supports 10Base-T and 100Base-TX Ethernet protocols on Category 3 or Category 5 unshielded twisted-pair cables. Digital signal processor technology and digital phase-locked loop are used in the sending and receiving circuits. This results in stronger performance, higher noise suppression, and fewer external components.
The remaining components are the microcontroller and related circuits, 128Mb synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), crystal oscillator, transformer, RJ-45 connector, resistor, capacitor and external or onboard 3.3V power supply. Figure 1 and Table 1 show all the necessary components (excluding power supply) for building a LAN-WAN bridge.
The circuit is very intuitive. The WAN side of the DS33Z11 is connected to the DS21348, and the LAN side is connected to the DP83846A. The DS21348 directly interfaces with the DS33Z11 through a send / receive string and clock connection. DP83846A directly interfaces with DS33Z11 through IEEE® 802.3 Media Independent Interface (MII). The configuration of DS33Z11, DS21348 and DP83846A is done by the microcontroller. If cost is a consideration, and reconfiguration of equipment is not a consideration, all of these devices support configuration without a microcontroller. However, the DS33Z11 may also require an external EEPROM to support certain pure hardware configurations. The DS21348 and DP83846A are configured by presetting the voltage on external pins. A 25MHz oscillator is used for the Ethernet interface, and a 1.544MHz or 2.048MHz oscillator is used for the T1 or E1 interface. If the recovered clock of the DS21348 is also used to drive the transmit clock, it is possible to use only a 2.048MHz oscillator and work in T1 or E1 mode using the internal PLL. Because each application is slightly different, the remaining circuit connections are left to the designer. If you need further support for the device, please contact us through the contact methods provided in the "References" section below.
Figure 1. Block diagram of an Ethernet LAN to unframed T1 / E1 WAN bridge
Table 1. List of Ethernet LAN to unframed T1 / E1 WAN bridge components
| Device | Part Count | DescripTIon | Vendor |
| DS33Z11 | 1 | 3.3V / 1.8V single-port Ethernet-to-serial interface | Maxim Integrated Products |
| DS21348 | 1 | 3.3V single-port T1 / E1 line interface unit (LIU) | Maxim Integrated Products |
| DP83846A | 1 | 3.3V single-port 10/100 Ethernet transceiver | NaTIonal Semiconductor |
| MT48LCM32B2 | 1 | 3.3V 128Mb SDRAM | Micron Technology |
| Microcontroller | 1 | 3.3V 8- or 16-bit microcontroller | Various |
| NTH089AA3-25.0000 | 1 | 25.000MHz oscillator, 3.3V | Saronix |
| NTH089AA3-1.5440 | 1 | 1.544MHz oscillator, 3.3V | Saronix |
| NTH089AA3-2.0480 | 1 | 2.048MHz oscillator, 3.3V | Saronix |
| H1012B or PE-68515L | 1 | 16-pin SMT 1: 1CT 10 / 100Base-T transformer | Pulse Engineering |
| TX1099 | 1 | 16-pin SMT mulTItap transformer | Pulse Engineering |
| RJ-45 Jack | 2 | 8-Pin, RJ-45 right-angle jack | Various |
| Power supply / connector | 1 | Power-supply circuitry | Various |
| Resistor | Pullup and bias resistors | Various | |
| Capacitor | Power and decoupling capacitors | Various | |
| led | Power, LAN, and WAN connection indication | Various |
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